Datum

Author: h | 2025-04-24

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Datums, Datum Features, and Datum Simulators

In today’s Question Line Video, Jason uses the example of a cylindrical datum feature to show how non-planar datums can be simulated and how they are able to constrain degrees of freedom.We received the following question from a student: “I understand how planar datums constrain degrees of freedom. But I still don’t understand how an axis or point datum is supposed to constrain degrees of freedom. With planar datums, you can picture it as a datum simulator, but how do you do that with an axis or point?”To begin, let’s review some terms. A datum feature is the tangible, imperfect surface or feature of size on a part that is indicated by the datum feature symbol on the part drawing. Datums, which are theoretically exact points, axes, lines, or planes, are derived from datum features. They are used to create a datum reference frame – the reference system used for inspecting the manufactured part.So, how do we measure from a theoretical datum? We must simulate the datum using measurement equipment. For a flat surface indicated as a datum feature, the derived datum would be a plane. To simulate this datum plane, we could use a granite table (or surface plates). We would then engage the datum feature with the datum simulator, placing the surface on the granite table. Once we have engaged to a datum, we cannot disengage it. Therefore, we see that we have restricted the movement of the part by one translation (up and down) and two rotations (left & right rotation and the rotation into & out of the page), for a total control of three degrees of freedom.Figure 1: Datum Plane Simulated using a Granite TableNow back to the student’s question. How can we simulate non-planar datums, and how are they able to constrain degrees of freedom? To answer this question, let’s consider a part with a cylindrical datum feature.The resulting datum from a cylindrical feature would be an axis. To simulate this datum axis, we would first need to simulate a perfect cylinder that encompasses the actual cylindrical datum feature surface, one that touches the high points of the feature surface. The axis of this perfect cylinder is the datum axis.To simulate this with measurement equipment, we could use a 3-jawed chuck, as shown in Figure 2, below. This chuck engages the highpoints of the cylinder, and when we rotate this part, we will get an axis of rotation. We can then take measurements back to this axis.Figure 2: Datum Axis Simulated Using a 3-Jawed ChuckAnother method we could use to simulate a datum axis is using V-blocks. If we have two datum features that create a single axis of rotation, we can set those features on V-blocks and rotate the part. Rotating the part creates an axis of rotation that we can use as a datum simulator, and measurements can be made back to that simulated datum.Figure 3: Datum Axis Simulated Using V-BocksIn engaging our datum simulators, we have stopped two degrees of translation

Datum Ingenier a - Datum Ingenier a

The same direction). But just so you know, in other cases where the M symbol appears after the datum letter, it's not necessarily directly added. What really happens is that this second M symbol doesn't increase the tolerance zone, but rather allows it to shift around. But in your case, for simplicity, think of it as additive.John-Paul BelangerCertified Sr. GD&T ProfessionalGeometric Learning Systems #3 When the large diameter is referenced as the primary datum A at MMC, the datum feature gage (or simulator) is fixed in size, the gage size is equal to the datum feature MMC at 414.If the large diameter made less than MMC size, the part may have some movement (clearance or shift) in the gage, this movement is called “Datum Shift” in GD&T, it is an allowable movement between the part datum feature and the gage, datum shift is similar to bonus, it may result in additional tolerance for the part (for coaxial part only, like this example).The amount of datum shift is equal to the amount the datum feature departs from MMC, so the max amount of datum shift is equal to the difference between the gage size and LMC of the datum feature. The max datum shift = = 414 – 413.925 = 0.075 (same as the difference of size limit)For example : datum feature A size at Ø413.960 Tolerance feature size at Ø406.410The total allowable tolerance = positional tolerance + bonus + datum shiftThe total allowable tolerance = 0.05 + (406.425 – 406.410) + (414 – 413.960) = 0.105SeasonLee Thread starter #4 Thank you very much for the detailed answers and explanations. There is one point that I want to clarify. I assume that Datum A is the axis of the cylinder with diameter 414mm. Is that right?If so, the datum is an axis which is somehow independent of the 414 diameter. So is it logical to add Max Material Cond on an axis? #5 The true, theoretical datum is indeed an axis. But in the real world, we still need to physically touch something to derive an axis. This is where the

Jak změnit datum posledn změny, datum vytvořen a datum

One of the more technical questions that has plagued the Google Earth community is – Exactly what Datum does Google Earth use across its platform.For those of you who may not know this, but in this context, the term datum refers to the coordinate system that serves as a reference for the software to carry out its simulations and various operations. To answer the question specifically, Google Earth uses a Mercator projection based on a spherical datum (in ESRI parlance, datum = “Geographic Coordinate System; GCS”) that is a modification of the WGS84 datum.Table of ContentsWhat datum does Google Earth use?What datum does Google Earth use?The “true” WGS84 datum is ellipsoidal (GRS80 ellipsoid) and geocentric; only the geocentric aspect is common to both. For data or maps that use the true WGS84 datum good alignment can be achieved by projecting to the “WGS 1984 Web Mercator” coordinate system, which uses the ”WGS 1984 Major Auxiliary Sphere” datum (GCS).Google Earth accepts imagery projected using a standard cartographic projection such as Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), a satellite-based datum such as GRS80, or WGS84; or in Geographic Coordinates (aka “latitude/longitude”) with WGS84 datum.Images should be north-aligned and have rotation parameters set to zero. Each image must be accompanied by one of: a text description of the map projection (WKT), an ESRI .prj file describing the projection or the European Petroleum Survey Group (EPSG) code for the projection.Now, let us look at the symbology that comes into play in such a setup –Dashed and dotted lines are set to solid lines by default while the fill patterns themselves are not preserved. Relative line widths are retained if they are integers. Certain geologic symbols will be preserved, others are not or are grossly distorted. Strike and dip data can be properly displayed but require special. Datum colocation; Colocation options; Datum network services; Datum Connect; Datum service management; Lifecycle services; Datum engineering services; Data centres.

Datum - definition of datum by The Free Dictionary

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About Datum - Datum Commercial Contracting

Of an external feature of size at MMC. The inverse would be true of an internal feature of size. The” M” referenced with Datum A allows “datum shift”. As Datum feature A deviates from it’s MMC size then the cylindrical tolerance zone is permitted to shift relative to the size difference between Datum feature A’s actual size and its size at MMC. #7 dtmbizLet’s summarize all data :The MMB of datum featutre A = 414The LMB of datum featutre A = 413.925The MMC of toleranced feature = 406.425The LMC of toleranced feature = 406.390If the toleranced feature size made at LMC 406.390, the bonus = 406.425 – 406.390 = 0.035. and the allowable position tolerance = position tolerance callout + bonus = 0.05 +0.035 = 0.085.Since there is a M on datum feature A, so the total allowable position tolerance should include the “datum shift”.SeasonLee #8 SeasonLee...In haste I thought that you used LMC in your example...Summmaries are good... my bad..Very goot for us simple folk... Status Not open for further replies. Similar threads Home Forums People Mechanical Engineers Drafting Standards, GD&T & Tolerance Analysis

PPT - Datums and Datum Transformations PowerPoint

I don't work with datum targets much, so I'm not well versed in them. I'll use the Hexagon sheet metal part and a snip of a print I have to ask a few questions. The part I'm working on is not sheet metal, but the callouts are similar. The sheet metal part has 3 Datum A target points and a surface called out as Datum A. Two of those points are on the opposing surface that sits on the fixture, the third is on an offset surface that also sits on the fixture. My first question is what actually gets defined as Datum A when dimensioning other features to it? Is it the offset plane created by the 3 datum targets (like we did in the 201 course) or is it the actual surface on the sheet metal part? My second question concerns the part I'm working on. Kind of like the sheet metal part, there are two datum targets for Datum Y that are offset from each other, and also a surface called out as Datum Y. There are some holes with a DRF of [YAX]. Is Datum Y supposed to be an offset line created by just the two offset target points, or is it the entire surface with the leader line labeled as Y? What confuses me is that there are only two target points, but Y is the primary datum in the holes FCF. I don't think that's valid because you can't level to just 2 points. I hope what I'm asking makes sense.PDF Ok thanks, I'm reading that over and over again, hoping it will click. What still gets me though is how do I create an alignment that represents a DRF of [YAX], when Y only has two target points. Do I add a

IS : Datum and datum systems for geometrical tolerancing

Typically, when a hole is being controlled with position, the primary datum is often the surface that the hole originates from and the secondary and tertiary datums are perpendicular or parallel to the primary datum. However, this is not always the case. In this video, Jason walks through an example drawing to show us how to inspect a hole that is at an angle with respect to the primary datum. Inspecting Position at an Angle In the drawing below, we have a part where the primary, secondary, and tertiary datums establish a datum reference frame that creates a unique scenario for inspection. Specifically, we are looking at the relationship between the axis of the hole that we are controlling with position and the primary datum. From the basic dimensions listed on the drawing, we can calculate the orientation of the axis of the hole to be 30 degrees from the Datum A. How do we inspect the location of this angled feature with respect to the datum reference frame? Figure 1: Hole Feature at an Angle from the Primary Datum To inspect the location of this hole, we must fully simulate the datum reference frame. Datum B, the back surface of the part, could be easily simulated using a gauge block, which is very easy to set up and inspect. So, for this example, we will ignore the effects of Datum B and focus on Datums A and C. As illustrated in Figure 2, a Sine Plate could be used to simulate Datum A, and a stop at the end of the plate could be used to simulate Datum C. By doing this we are simulating the perpendicularity of Datums A and C, giving us the zero point (0,0,0) from which we can reference the location of the hole. Figure 2: Datum Reference Frame Simulation However, there is an inherent flaw when physically trying to inspect this part. When using a height gage, you are not able zero the gage at the intersection of the two planes because the probe will not settle at the zero point. Therefore, you must use a pin and trigonometry in order to offset your measurement. Figure 3 shows an enlarged view of a pin placed at the intersection of the two plates. This pin is of known diameter, and the distance from the top of the pin to the zero point will be calculated (X) to determine the amount of vertical offset for the probe measurement. Figure 3: Pin is Placed at the Intersection of Datums A & C Simulators Trigonometry is used to calculate the value for X, the vertical offset, using the known values for the pin radius and the 30-degree angle.. Datum colocation; Colocation options; Datum network services; Datum Connect; Datum service management; Lifecycle services; Datum engineering services; Data centres. 1. Datum Identity. Datum Storage accounts are attached to a Datum Identity. To create your Datum Identity, download the Datum ID app and follow the on-screen instructions. Please note

Kako promijeniti datum zadnje izmjene, datum stvaranja i datum

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3rd on the same surface as Y1? The drawing note in your screenshot says that datums X,Y & Z are established through datum target points on the rough surface. What targets are the Z targets - they're not shown in your screenshot. With datum targets on freeform surfaces, you can't treat each set of targets separately, they have to be used in combination with each other in either a best-fit or iterative alignment. The alignment will then represent the complete datum reference frame and you can construct alignment planes to represent each workplane (X, Y & Z) - that is what the post I linked to is trying to explain.In your case, I'm assuming there will be three (or more) datum Z target points. If that is the case, you should create an iterative alignment with the Z targets selected for the Level, the Y targets selected for the rotate and the X targets selected for the origin. After the iterative alignment you should then create three constructed alignment planes and define them as the X, Y & Z datums...ZPLUS direction = datum ZYPLUS direction = datum YXPLUS direction = datum XYou can then reference those datums in subsequent geometric tolerance commands, selecting them in the order they appear on the drawing when building the feature control frames. Yes, datum A is a plane (from what I can tell) and so, can be measured as a normal feature (measured plane or auto-plane). Let me try to do a rough sketch, which I'm terrible at. I feel like posting the whole print could land me in hot water. This customer (commonly known as "Big Yellow") does datum targets a little differently, I think. When it comes to XYZ target points, there are always 3 points for X, 2 for Y, and. Datum colocation; Colocation options; Datum network services; Datum Connect; Datum service management; Lifecycle services; Datum engineering services; Data centres. 1. Datum Identity. Datum Storage accounts are attached to a Datum Identity. To create your Datum Identity, download the Datum ID app and follow the on-screen instructions. Please note

What is datum and types of datum? - Geographic FAQ Hub:

Welcome to AutoCAD Essentials for Mechanical Engineers series. Today we’re diving into the practical application of datum reference frames, essential for precision in engineering drawings. Understanding datum reference frames is crucial in AutoCAD for engineers, as these frames provide reliable references for measurement and alignment, ultimately ensuring the consistency of parts during assembly and inspection. What Are Datum Reference Frames? Datum reference frames are composed of three mutually perpendicular intersecting planes, providing a 3D framework, often referred to as XYZ planes. These reference frames, visualized in AutoCAD 2D and 3D, guide users in denoting primary, secondary, and tertiary planes for precise component placement and measurement. Within mechanical AutoCAD 2D drawing or AutoCAD 3D modeling, the primary datum plane typically has three contact points, the secondary has two, and the tertiary has one—each chosen based on the geometry and needs of the component. Using Datum Features and Simulators In practical applications, datum features—surfaces, axes, or edges on a part—are assigned to align the component in the datum reference frame. To simulate how an actual part aligns with these references, CAD software like AutoCAD mechanical uses a datum feature simulator, an imaginary boundary or surface used for reference. These simulators are critical when setting manufacturing tolerances to ensure components meet design requirements and can be reproduced reliably across production. A useful tool in inspection and quality control is the go/no-go gauge. It allows engineers to assess if a component’s dimensions meet or exceed set limits, providing a straightforward acceptance or rejection based on tolerance adherence. For example, when measuring an external surface in AutoCAD mechanical drawing to fit within defined tolerances, you would use a datum feature simulator aligned to the reference datum axis, ensuring compliance with your specifications. Tolerances in Assembly: Allowance and Clearance In AutoCAD, setting the right tolerances is vital for successful component assembly. Two essential terms in this process are allowance and clearance: Allowance is the intentional difference allowed between two components, ensuring maximum material limits are maintained when they fit together. Clearance refers to the smallest space between two assembled parts, essential for parts requiring movement or adjustment. Applying Fits in AutoCAD for Mechanical Engineering In AutoCAD for mechanical engineers, fits—especially clearance, transition, and interference fits—help define the tolerance type and ensure proper component function. When using CAD software to design assembly parts, two systems commonly guide fitment: the hole-basis system and the shaft-basis system. Hole-Basis System: